Response:getData()

以字符串形式从 HTTP 响应中获取响应主体内容。

签名

getData(): string

返回值

string - 以字符串形式返回的响应主体内容

描述

getData() 方法从 HTTP 响应中检索响应主体内容。无论原始格式是什么（JSON、XML、纯文本、HTML 等），内容始终以字符串形式返回。

示例

基本用法

-- Make a GET request and get the response data
local response = Request("https://api.example.com/users"):get()
local userData = response:getData()
print("User data: " .. userData)

处理 JSON 数据

-- Get JSON response data
local response = Request("https://api.example.com/posts/1"):get()
local jsonData = response:getData()

-- jsonData will be a string like: "{\"id\":1,\"title\":\"Sample Post\",\"body\":\"Content\"}"
print("Raw JSON: " .. jsonData)

-- Note: You would need a JSON parser to convert this string to a Lua table
-- For example (if you have a JSON parser available):
-- local parsedData = json.decode(jsonData)
-- print("Post title: " .. parsedData.title)

处理 XML 响应

-- Get XML response data
local response = Request("https://api.example.com/data.xml"):get()
local xmlData = response:getData()

-- xmlData will contain XML content as a string
if xmlData and xmlData ~= "" then
    print("XML data received: " .. xmlData)
    -- You would need an XML parser to process this data
end

错误响应数据

-- Make a request that might fail
local response = Request("https://api.example.com/invalid"):get()
local statusCode = response:getResponseCode()

if statusCode ~= 200 then
    -- Get error details from response body
    local errorData = response:getData()
    if errorData and errorData ~= "" then
        print("Error details: " .. errorData)
    else
        print("No error details provided")
    end
end

POST 请求响应数据

-- Create a resource and get the response
local response = Request("https://api.example.com/users")
    :setParameter("name", "John Doe")
    :setParameter("email", "john@example.com")
    :post()

local status = response:getResponseCode()
local responseData = response:getData()

if status == 201 then
    print("User created successfully!")
    print("Created user data: " .. responseData)
else
    print("Failed to create user. Status: " .. status)
    if responseData then
        print("Error: " .. responseData)
    end
end

空响应处理

-- Handle responses that might be empty
local response = Request("https://api.example.com/delete/123"):delete()
local status = response:getResponseCode()
local data = response:getData()

if status == 204 then
    -- No content response
    print("Delete successful (no content returned)")
    if data == "" or not data then
        print("Response is empty as expected")
    end
elseif status == 200 then
    print("Delete successful with response: " .. data)
else
    print("Delete failed with status: " .. status)
end

处理不同的内容类型

-- Check Content-Type header if available (this would require accessing response headers)
-- For now, we can detect common patterns in the data
local response = Request("https://api.example.com/data"):get()
local data = response:getData()

if data and data ~= "" then
    -- Detect JSON format
    if string.sub(data, 1, 1) == "{" or string.sub(data, 1, 1) == "[" then
        print("Received JSON data")
        -- Process as JSON
    -- Detect XML format
    elseif string.find(data, "^<%?xml") or string.find(data, "^<[^>]+>") then
        print("Received XML data")
        -- Process as XML
    -- Detect HTML format
    elseif string.find(data, "^<html") or string.find(data, "^<!DOCTYPE") then
        print("Received HTML data")
        -- Process as HTML
    else
        print("Received plain text data")
        -- Process as plain text
    end

    print("Data length: " .. string.len(data) .. " characters")
else
    print("No data received")
end

大型响应处理

-- Handle potentially large responses
local response = Request("https://api.example.com/large-data"):get()
local data = response:getData()

if data then
    local dataSize = string.len(data)
    print("Received " .. dataSize .. " characters of data")

    if dataSize > 10000 then
        print("Large response detected - first 100 characters:")
        print(string.sub(data, 1, 100) .. "...")
    else
        print("Complete response:")
        print(data)
    end
end

常见响应内容类型

内容类型	示例数据	用法
application/json	{"key":"value"}	REST API、现代 Web 服务
text/plain	Simple text response	状态消息、日志
text/html	<html><body>...</body></html>	网页、错误页面
application/xml	<?xml version="1.0"?><root>...</root>	SOAP API、XML 数据
text/csv	name,age,city\nJohn,30,NYC	数据导出、电子表格

说明

• 无论原始格式如何，响应数据始终以字符串形式返回
• 空响应返回空字符串 ""（常见于 204 状态码）
• 错误响应（4xx、5xx）的响应主体中可能包含有用的错误信息
• 大型响应可能会占用大量内存 - 如有需要，请考虑分块处理
• 您可能需要额外的解析库来处理 JSON、XML 或其他结构化格式
• 在处理之前，请始终检查响应是否为空，以避免错误